EPISTAKSIS nosebleed or not a new thing. Adults and children experience the same thing. The various causes. One of them is sneezing that is too strong.

According to dr from Inis Sumiati Medika Hospital Center, Depok, West Java, epistaksis very often found in children. Not surprisingly, many parents were afraid and confused when the child is exposed to epistaksis. Epistaksis nosebleed or not this is a disease, but symptoms of a disease. That means epistaksis can happen because of various reasons, ranging from light to the heavy.


The factors

Epistaksis difference can occur because the local cavity in the nose or the difference that occurred in other places of the body. Deviation can be a local trauma, such as clean up the nose, drop, hit a foreign object, or because of irritation that stimulates gas. Local aberration that can cause a child is exposed to infection epistaksis nose and surrounding organs, the sudden changes in environmental and other causes.

Meanwhile, the body of aberration that can cause nosebleed, including heart disease and blood vessel, such as high blood pressure and blood vessel aberration or deviation of blood, such as the decrease in value trombosit. "The nosebleed is actually very complex, either in the form of light and the weight to get special handling," said dr. Inis .

Epistaksis own divided anterior and posterior or the front or rear. For cases epistaksis anterior, trauma came from the front of the nose, where pendarahannya origin derived from pleksus kiesselbach. Epistaksis anterior own clinical symptoms indicate a clear form of bleeding from the nostril.

While epistaksis posterior generally comes from the nose cavity through the posterior branch fenopalatina. Epistaksis posterior often show symptoms that are not too obvious, such as nausea, vomiting blood, coughing blood, and anemia. Usually, this involves the posterior epistaksis blood vessel so that the occurrence of major bleeding became more severe.

According to dr Inis, epistaksis on children generally come from little's area / pleksus kiesselbach who are on the front wall of the septum nose. However, two factors are the most important of epistaksis on these children. First, minor trauma, such as pick your nose, scratch, sneeze, cough or mengedan. Secondly, the fragile mukosa nose, there is an infection of the channel on the breath, mukosa drying and the use of steroid inhalation through the nose.

Epistaksis usually also often occur in the summer season or the weather, which resulted in a dry nose mucus so pembulu blood teriritasi. Sometimes the smell of chemicals that are also sting can cause irritation to the mucous and blood pembulu nose. Children who are experiencing a cold or allergy in the nose are also often nosebleed. Sneezing is also very strong and sometimes can lead to the occurrence of epistaksis. Anatomy nose deformity, chronicles the disease, blood disease are some circumstances also caused a epistaksis. The only deviation events such as the number is still very rare.
MedicineEpstaksis treatment to be tailored to the type and symptoms experienced. If the fruit heart epistaksis enterior experience, the first thing to be done is ask people to sit upright so that the pressure is reduced and easy vaskularnya cough up blood from the throat. Usually this epistaksis anterior can also stopped by pressing ear nose for 5-10 minutes.

If both do not bear on the results, there are other ways. Inserting a tampon anterior has drabble with adrenalin and lidocain or pantocain to stop the bleeding and reduce pain. After the bleeding stops, the bleeding source stopple inject the solution of silver nitrate 20-30 percent or 10 percent acid or trichloracetat can also elektrokauter.
Like other posterior. Most of the blood into the mouth so that the anterior pledget can not stop the bleeding. Bleeding posterior be more difficult because usually severe and difficult to see the back of the nose cavity. Posterior epistaksis but this can be overcome with the install pledget Bellocq, the tent that has three strand yarn, 1 sheet at the end of each strand and 1 in the middle. Pledget installed for 2-3 days, along with the per-oral antibiotics to prevent infection in the sinus or middle ear.

Epistaksis on the weight and perforated, which could not be overcome with the tent, fastening needs to be done arterial etmoidalis anterior and posterior or arterial maksilaris Interna. Epistaksis due to broken bones or septum nose usually short and stop spontaneously. Sometimes arise again in a few hours or several days later after the swelling is reduced.

If so, need to be broken bones or surgery increased arterial. In the sufferer telangiektasi hemoragik herediter (deformity vein), epistaksis great weight can cause anemia that is not easily corrected with the addition of iron.

In addition to treatment, the information from Inis, there are other ways of using the betel leaf. Traditionally, people will spontaneously Indonesia sheet rolls betel leaf (piper betle lynn) and enter it into the nose to clog the blood out. In a flash, the flow of blood from the nose to stop. Should be recognized that until now, have not been many scientific studies about epistaksis connection with the betel leaf. But if diisap, betel leaf liquid capable of stopping bleeding in the nose.